Womens Issues

Womens Issues

Modern Day Torture Used by the Government Free Essays

Techniques Is the governments way of saying torture. This Is very prevalent in George Rowel’s dyspepsia novel â€Å"1984. † In the last section of the book, the main character Winston is tortured severely for going against Big Brother and then killed right after. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Day Torture Used by the Government or any similar topic only for you Order Now They brainwashed him in the process and got him to believe in things he knew weren’t true. As horrifying that is, it strangely resembles the way the united States government gets information. Though it Is In no way proven to always get accurate Information, the US along with many other countries still use this Orwellian method of control. The question is why. In 1984, Winston was being tortured as a result of him rebelling against Big Brother. The reason the Party tortured him was because they didn’t want him to die a martyr. They wanted to completely alter the way he thought and make him believe anything they said. Though he hated the Party originally, after torture he was convinced that, â€Å"He had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother† (Orwell 245). To torture information out of someone is one thing but to change the way they think about something they are strongly opinionated about is another. This Just shows how much torture he went through and how damaging is was. The Party accomplished their mission in changing his mindset, which is much different than the goals when torturing modern day. Today, torture is used to accomplish a much deferent task. The mall purpose Is to extract Information from people, usually terrorists. When officials get no results after Interrogating a terrorist, they might use enhanced Interrogation techniques. This is a nice way of saying that they physically and psychologically torture information out of them. The reason is they are desperate. If the officials hind America is waiting for them to find good information, they will get it regardless of how false it is or how inhumane they must be to get it. Even though it is very possible they are being told lies, officials use that Information because they are either desperate for a lead or want to back something up. A fairly recent example Is Bush with the Iraq war. He himself approved of advanced Interrogation techniques and did not seem very sorrowful after seeing images of American soldiers torturing Iraq prisoners. Bush seemed to wave the image off saying they were just a,†few bad apples,† (Bush CTD in Johnson). He saw little significance in this story suggesting he was not surprised nor appalled. In 1984, It seems that torture Is almost always successful. The Party’s goal Is to make the torture victim believe anything they say, even if it goes against everything the person believes. They are then no longer a martyr and are killed as a lover of Big Brother. However. It is hard to say if anyone really succeeds when torturing modern day. Torturing usually results in three things; false information, psychologically and physically harmed individuals, and disappointed looks from many other nations. It is dangerous to put value Into any Information received through torture because It can it. If they genuinely know nothing about what they are being tortured for, they will still continuously be tortured until they speak. Bush falsely accused Iraq of holding Weapons of Mass Destruction (Wands) by doing this. This helped spark the Iraq war and lead to the death of thousands of people including innocent civilians. Torture also leads to the physical and psychological pain of the torture victim. In 1984, both of these are evident when Orwell described Cilia’s face and with Winston hanged mindset after being tortured. In America, evidence of torture is usually not visible on the persons body because many versions of torture are more psychological than physical. Some examples are water boarding or Chinese water torture. Water boarding is the act of trying someone down, putting a rag over their mouth and pouring water over it to mimic the feeling if drowning. They wait until the person begins suffocating to take the rag off for a quick break to ask for information. Chinese water torture is restraining someone on a bed so they cannot move (usually their ands are tied above their head and their head is in a head restraint so it cannot move at all). They simply let water drop on your forehead one drop at a time usually alone in a room. As time passes, the psychological terror builds up in the victim and they eventually beg for it to stop. Other countries and also Americans see this treatment and begin to question the government. They question the methods of obtaining information and what the government considers inhumane treatment. This questioning does not happen in 1984 because no one knows what happens when someone vanishes and if they so much as questioned Big Brother they would be unwished. Today’s society is much better because we can question our government and protestor our opinions without being tortured and killed. Orwellian method of torture is used to get people to believe in what the government wants them to believe. Modern day torture is used to get people to give information supporting what the government believes and what it wants to hear. Today, if the government uses torture all they will receive is false information, disappointed looks from American citizens and other nations, and psychologically and physically harmed people. How to cite Modern Day Torture Used by the Government, Papers

Explore Shakespeares presentation of Act 3 Scene 1 As A Turning Point In The Play Essay Example For Students

Explore Shakespeares presentation of Act 3 Scene 1 As A Turning Point In The Play? Essay William Shakespeare had a stake holding in the Globe Theatre and also acted in some of the productions of the plays. The success of the Elizabethan theatres, including the Globe, was such that other forms of Elizabethan entertainment were being seriously affected. In 1591 the growing popularity of theatres led to a law closing all theatres on Thursdays so that the bull and bear bating industries would not be neglected. Romeo and Juliet has been performed in Shakespeares time Shakespeare himself played Peter the servant. Romeo and Juliet was performed many times at the globe but of course in the old days women were not allowed to be cast so a man would have played Juliet. Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet was written between 1594 1594. The story is known to be from the third century. The play is a tragedy, but can also be classified as violence and romance and comedy too; the themes often contrast between love and hate but they also work well. As Elizabethan audiences often go see cock fights and bear baiting Shakespeare had to make violence and humour cure their boredom once the audience become bored they often express It by booing and fling vegetables at the stage. As the play progresses to act three the audience become familiar with the characters and are well-informed of the plot. They were told about the two star crossed lovers. Without the prologue the audience would have no knowledge as to why the two families are fighting. The audience can see how from the beginning of the play Romeo was in love with Rosaline but changed his mind and had his heart set on Juliet. It is known that Juliet is very young therefore does not make the best decisions and when she does makes them with great haste. Even though Juliet was the one who proposed she asked the nurse to deal with the marriage arrangements; because Juliet was not allowed to walk the streets alone. There was early tension in this because they could not meet and their families were holding them back. When act three gets started Benvolio lives up to the meaning of his name which is good will Benvolio has best intensions at mind. When it says the day is strangely hotter than usual he implies it so hot it will make ones blood boil and there will be confrontation. When Benvolio makes this clear to Mercutio he has none of it and makes a speech about how Benvolio is always so peaceful. He uses humour also to describe. Mercutio does not seem as if he knows this feud could be more serious than meets the eye. When Tybalt enters Mercutio immediately starts to quarrel with him. Mercutio then decides to provoke him into battle by saying lets make it a word and a blow by blow meaning a punch or something to do with violence. Nonetheless when Tybalt gives as good as he gets Mercutio still takes it as a joke! Benvolio tries to prevent the fight but fails. Shortly after Romeo enters and cannot seem to understand why he is accepting the challenge Tybalt has offered. During that time if you backed down form a challenge then you were seemed to be a coward and honour is always important especially for men. Romeo had just been married and is happy and is meeting his friend, enemy and cousin for the first time as a married man. There is a lot of irony in this scene as if Romeo did not tell them he was married, blood would not have been split. Romeo is a strong believer on fate therefore when he says the line o I am fortunes fool he is saying it must be fate and this must me mine. .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 , .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .postImageUrl , .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 , .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:hover , .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:visited , .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:active { border:0!important; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:active , .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1 .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uecdcbb3b001a71355218c65ac2941cf1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shakespeare challenges the notion of conventional marriage in Much Ado About Nothing using the characters of Beatrice and Benedick EssayRegardless of the street brawl, violence is the first feature of play the audience comes across. Even though Romeo seemed to be a peaceful person who is in love and against violence, disproves that in act three scene one by fighting Tybalt and slaying him. After meeting Juliet he had become more feminine and therefore that may be why Mercutio died. When Mercutio dies it is a big turning point in the play. His amazing personality gave the play a lot of humour and made it more live and happy. Before he died he uttered the words ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man (dead in a grave or in a grave dead.) Tybalt stays the same throughout the whole scene he really is bitter towards Romeo. He called him names also showing the resent wretched boy which shows he is still angry at Lord Capulet for not being angered by seeming Romeo at the party even though he complained to Capulet about Romeos presence. Capulet jus called him insolent boy .because he was brought up to hate the Montague family he was set on killing Romeo however not kill Mercutio as when he stabbed him he seemed quite surprised and therefore ran away but was later confronted and killed by Romeo. When the prince arrives and sees what has happened he is speechless and does not know what he should do; as in act one scene one her vowed if they ever disturbed the streets, their lives shall pay for the forfeit of the peace. Although Mercutio was related to him and he can understand why Romeo killed him Lord Montague says concludes what the law should ends the life of Tybalt. Lady Capulet seemed to be quite un-lady like by being quite aggressive and demanding that the prince must give justice, in the form of executing Romeo. Luckily for Romeo the prince banished him to Mantua. Due to the banishment it causes many problems. There is a huge risk of Romeo not being able to consummate his marriage to Juliet and the friar has to give the sleeping potion to Juliet which Is the cause of Romeo and Juliets death. In conclusion Act Three Scene One is a major turning point in the play because of many reasons. Many characters change in the play Romeo turns from loving, caring person to a violent, aggressive one. Mercutio realises how serious the feud and paying dearly. Tybalt and Mercutio die, because of certain events Romeo and Juliet both die. You can trace all these vents back in the play. I think it is acceptable to say Romeo is right when he says he believes in fate as fate is the reasons for these tragic events.

The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Essay Example For Students

The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Essay The movie, The Girl with a Dragon Tattoo, is set in various places throughout Sweden. Mikael Blomkvist is investigating the death of a young woman which has gone unsolved for the last forty years. He is being assisted in solving the mystery by Lisbeth Salander. The movies story reflects the many different ranges of crime and the way that the person committing the crime goes through the various stages as they are committing them. We are also able to look at the feminist theory. Even Lis who was motivated to commit a crime out of revenge thought things through, but in the end she did not care if she was caught in the act. We will write a custom essay on The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The movie opens in Stockholm, Sweden where journalist Mikael Blomkvist has been sued by businessman Hans-Erik WennerstrAÂ ¶m in a libel case regarding some accusations he published about Wennerstrom . At the same time Lisbeth Salander, a talented investigator and hacker, is completing a background check on Blomkvist for Henrik Vanger. Henrik Vanger hires Mikael Blomkvist to investigate the disappearance and assumed murder of Henriks grandniece, Harriet, which occurred 40 years prior. In payment for his investigative work and information, Henrik Vanger says he will provide Blomkvist with information about WennerstrAÂ ¶m that could aid in Blomkvists win in the court case against him. Lisbeth Salander is under state legal guardianship due to diagnosed mental incompetency. She is being put under a new guardian, lawyer Nils Bjurman. Bjurman abuses his authority over Salander and demands sexual favors, and he eventually goes so far as to violently rape her. Salander records the whole thing to be uses it as part of her revenge against him. She later turns the tables and rapes Bjurman and labels him as a rapist by tattooing him on his chest. With this blackmail over him she demands that he gives her control of her money. A break in the investigation comes when Blomkvists daughter is visiting him she see the notes from the notebook he has and she is able to determine that the mysterious numbers are actually Bible references. When Blomkvist needs help with his research Frode, Vangers lawyer, recommends that he seek help from Salander based on research she did previously for them. As they are working together, Salander uncovers a connection to the murder they are investigating and a series of murders of young women that occurred between 1947 through 1967. The women either had Biblical names or were Jewish, that would make the crimes a serial crime. Salanders research uncovers evidence that Martin and his deceased father, Gottfried, had committed these murders. Before Lisbeth can return to Mikael with her findings, Mikael is confronted by Martin and tries to outwit and expose him. Somehow Martin manages to get the upper hand and takes Mikael down in a torture room. As Martin is preparing to kill Mikael, Lisbeth arrives and fights Martin, eventually shooting him. Mikael and Lis still have another mystery on their hands, this one involves where Harriet is and uncovering what happened to her. So they are able to deduces that Harriets living cousin Anita is hiding Harriet from her father, Gottfried, and her brother, Martin, who had raped and tortured prior to her escape from them. They are able to find Harriet and reunite her with Henrik. Lisbeth exhibits the characteristics of being a strong woman, doing so through Mikael. She doesnt hate him as she fears hates other men. She remarks, He ?s clean,? meaning he is who he means to be. It appears that she is pulled to men who need her around for other reasons, and not the ones that need her help or from whom she is shown kindness. She eventually starts forming an emotional dependence on her friendship with Mikael. So even in the end of the movie when she see him with another women she doesnt let it overtake her, but rather she walks away from the situation and becomes an even stronger woman than before. .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 , .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .postImageUrl , .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 , .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:hover , .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:visited , .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:active { border:0!important; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:active , .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795 .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubf4aa44cb516b0a351981351cf9b1795:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare the opening sequence of 'The Italian Job' (1969) with the opening sequence of 'The Italian Job' (2003) EssayAn examination of Mikaels character, we see he is struggling to show his masculinity at the beginning of the film. He is attempting to run away from a fight with Hans-Erik WennerstrAÂ ¶m, and on top of that he is shown as not being able to provider for his family making him feel more inadequate. With assistance from Lisbeth, he is able to save himself. One strength of the movie was that the time line of events could resembled reality. Many crimes are not solved quickly but rather take a long time to be researched and resolved. The fact that this story spans 40 years is not unlike cases that are currently being investigated by authorities today. The crimes committed in the story although fiction could easily be reality in todays society. Serial murders, rape, computer hacking, blackmail, being detained against your will, and drug dealing are all crimes that have been seen both historically and currently in society. There were however some problems that I saw with the story as well. For instance the explaination of events from 40 years prior seem to have been related to lack of professionalism of the police department. Had officer done their job and checked the cars leaving the island they would have discovered the girl and if they had better examined the situation they should not have missed the fact that the murders were related by the fact that they all occurred near factories owned by a single family. One question that this movie seems to bring up is if certain motivations make a crime more acceptable then others. When Lis is forced to perform certain crimes should she be held accountable? Is being a victim a reasonable situation to allow her to perform the same acts done to her to Bjurman?

Rock Island Union Prison

Rock Island Union Prison In August 1863, United States Army began construction of the Rock Island Prison. Located on an Island between Davenport, Iowa and Rock Island, Illinois, the prison was designed to house captured Confederate Army soldiers. The plan was to build 84 barracks with each one housing 120 prisoners along with their own kitchen.  The stockade fence was 12 feet high. There was a sentry placed every one hundred feet with only two openings to get inside. The prison was to be built on 12 acres of the 946 acres that encompassed the island. The First Prisoners In December 1863, the yet unfinished Rock Island Prison received its first prisoners who had been captured by General Ulysses S. Grant troops during  the Battle of Lookout Mountain,  in Chattanooga, Tennessee. While the first group numbered 468, by the end of the month the prison population would exceed 5000 captured Confederate soldiers, some of them also having been captured at the Battle of Missionary Ridge, Tennessee. Temperatures were below zero degrees Fahrenheit in December 1963 when those first prisoners arrived. The temperature would be reported as low as thirty-two degrees below zero at times during for the rest of that first winter.   Disease and Malnutrition at Rock Island Since the construction of the prison was not completed when the first Confederate prisoner’s arrived, sanitation and disease, especially a smallpox outbreak, were issues at that time.  As a response,  in the spring of 1864, the Union Army built a hospital and installed a sewer system which helped improve conditions inside the prison walls immediately, as well as ending the smallpox epidemic. In June 1864, Rock Island Prison severely changed the amount of rations that prisoners received due to how Andersonville Prison was treating Union Army soldiers who were prisoners. This change in rations resulted in both malnutrition and scurvy which led to the death of Confederate prisoners at the Rock Island Prison facility. During the time  that Rock Island was in operation, it housed over 12,000 Confederate soldiers of which nearly 2000 died, but although many claim that  Rock Island was comparable to the Confederate’s Andersonville Prison from an inhumane standpoint only seventeen percent of their prisoners died compared to twenty-seven percent of Andersonville’s total population. In addition, Rock Island had enclosed barracks versus the man-made tents or totally being in the elements as was the case in Andersonville. Prison Escapes A total of forty-one prisoners escaped and were not recaptured. One of the largest escapes occurred in June 1864 when several prisoners tunneled their way out. The last two were caught as they came out of the tunnel and another three were caught while still on the island. One escapee drowned while swimming across the Mississippi River, but another six successfully made it across. Within a couple of days, four of those were re-captured by Union forces but two were able to completely elude capture. Rock Island Closes The Rock Island Prison closed in July 1865 and the prison was totally destroyed shortly thereafter.  In 1862, the United States Congress established an arsenal on Rock Island and today it is our country’s largest government operated arsenal that encompasses almost the entire island. It is now called Arsenal Island. The only remaining evidence that there was a prison that held Confederate soldiers during the Civil War is the Confederate Cemetery where approximately 1950 prisoners are buried. Additionally, the Rock Island National Cemetery is also located on the island, where the remains of at least 150 Union guards are interred, as well as over 18,000 Union soldiers.

Motivation and Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Motivation and Leadership - Assignment Example It is therefore essential to motivate these employees regardless of their stay period in the organization. This is necessary in building a positive image of the company in the eyes of the workers and the society at large which can enhance smooth renewal of their contract when the need arises. Use of temporary workers There are times when temporary workers prove to be valuable to an organization and certain times when it is inappropriate to use them. It is appropriate to use them when the company needs to reduce its operational costs. This is because permanent workers require things such as security and many benefits in order to sustain them. This is justified from the case study where the Boeing Company has reduced its dependence on permanent staff through making of new hires abroad. Another time when the use of temporary workers is appropriate is when one is working on short-term projects, this is necessary for it enables those people who are experts in a certain area to handle situ ations that they are best suited in. This is evident form the case of Microsoft that says that its contingent employees fluctuate depending on the project that they are working on. They also note that temporary workers are experts in what they do and they complete projects within a short period of time. It is appropriate to use temporary employees on companies that work in cyclical industries. This is because they offer a range of various services. The services can be provided by temporary employees who have a wide range of various skills and hence can fit in that nature of the industry. This is evident from the case study where it states that temps are appealing to those companies in cyclical industries. On the other hand, there exists various times that are deemed to be inappropriate to use temporary employees. It is inappropriate to use them in order to maintain permanent employees when it comes to layoffs. This is a strategy that was used by Boeing Company. It is also inappropri ate to use them when one wants to build a company reputation. This is because temporary workers who come and go cannot be able to build a good image. A program for employee motivation The program that will be put in place to motivate the temporary employees will be the temporary workers incentive and welfare program. This is a program that will oversee that the situation of the workplace employees is improved and they are given incentives to motivate them. It comprises of the element of incentives and welfare. The incentives will be in terms of providing good pay, benefits such as health while the welfare is concerned with good working environment and responsibility. The program will also oversee that the temporary workers are given a conducive working environment similar to the permanent employees. It will also entail informing the employees effectively concerning the organization and also integrating them to the organization. This in turn creates social ties among workers which wi ll motivate them. Reducing supervision and allowing them to work autonomously gives them confidence and responsibility to oversee that they give effective results. This program is justified for it goes hand in hand with Herzberg’s two factor theory that of hygiene and motivational factors. Hygiene factors are those they contribute to dissatisfaction if they lack in the organization

What do the French, Italian and British economies tell us about the Essay

What do the French, Italian and British economies tell us about the extent to which there has been a convergence in the character of business systems across Europe - Essay Example The markets in Western Europe have been strong, active and stable for quite a long time.The countries in Central and Eastern Europe have to catch up. The introduction of Euros as common currency has already begun the gravitation process towards strengthening of the whole European market.The convergence in business systems across Europe has been the natural consequence of the European Union and its predecessors. There has never been a time in history when business convergence in Europe was as steadfast and purposeful as in the present. The factors responsible for this phenomenon are manifold. Some factors like the establishment of European Free Trade Association (EFTA) in 1959, followed by the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1961, and the current European Union (EU) are visible, and there are others such as the impact of globalization on Europe whose full impact have yet to be assessed holistically.Since the formation of the European Union, the European nations have diverted thei r resources and exports from the global market to the European market. Britain's example of trade shift from United States to the European Union is significant. Also, the effort to converge educational facilities in Europe is a welcome development. (European Convergence Reaches Higher Education).France, Italy and Britain are among the top and largest economies in the world. Over 50% of Britain's exports is now concentrated within EU. Also, in the cases of France and Italy, major business partners constitute the EU nations and USA. (Background Notes: France and Italy). In a broader context, the business systems the world over have converged significantly as a result of globalization and the effects of mergers and acquisitions. The markets in Western Europe have been strong, active and stable for quite a long time. However, the countries in Central and Eastern Europe have to catch up. The introduction of Euros as common currency has already begun the gravitation process towards strengthening of the whole European market. (Claire Smith). 3. Why Convergence The economies of Europe are laden with the twin responsibilities of addressing the needs of their own nation at home and also with their obligations to the EU. Agriculture, industry, economy, travel, methodologies, and every other aspect of the way things are done are traded within the EU as first preference. Moreover, innovation and advanced research are the key cornerstones. (President Chirac's wide-ranging interview). However, the industry has shifted focus on value more than competition in order to survive. Large corporations that were once avowed rivals merge or acquire the other. Behemoths like Corus were taken over by outside players like the Tatas of India. They read the clear message on the wall. Deliver or disappear! The market of the day is highly oriented towards value and innovations. The consumer has become extremely aware of the innovative nature of some industries like telecommunications and has high expectations. The telecom and information industries have done their bit by introducing new devices and schemes every now and then further whetting the consumer's